Gautam Pangu1, Eric Johnston1, Jordan Petkov2, Neil Parry2, and Daniel Hammer1. (1) University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, (2) Unilever R&D, Bebington, United Kingdom
The targeted deposition and binding of particulates to cellulose mediated by a molecular family of heterobifunctional fusion proteins is studied in this work. The fusion protein consists of a domain that binds to a particle either directly or through a model red dye, and a domain that binds to cellulose. The strength of adhesion of a single particle to a cellulose fiber is measured by using micropipette aspiration as a function of its adhesive specificity, surface density and contact time. In addition, the dynamics of adhesion of the functionalized particles to cellulose-coated glass slide under controlled hydrodynamic flow at various shear rates is explored using flow chamber assays for two scenarios: detachment of bound particles, and attachment of particles in suspension. Highly specific adhesion is observed in both studies. The force of adhesion was ~ 2 nN for the fully functionalized particles with the frequency of adhesion > 90% in micropipette aspiration assay, while average force required to detach a bound particle was ~ 125 pN in flow chamber assay. The adhesive dynamics simulations of particle binding to cellulose coated substrate indicate that the experimentally observed response of bound particles to the application of shear force can be simulated by combining probabilistic nature of receptor-ligand binding with heterogeneity in receptor density observed across particle population.