The configurations and interactions of anisotropic micro- or nanoparticles at fluid interfaces depend strongly on the particle geometry and the contact angle of the three phase contact line in the zero Bond number limit. Here we explore cylindrical objects at fluid interfaces. First, the equilibrium configurations of an isolated cylindrical object at a fluid interface are described. We identify conditions in which the particle can assume either an end-on or a side-on orientation depending on the aspect ratio of the particle and the contact angle. The predictions compare favorably to experiments in which functionalized gold nanorods are spread at aqueous-gas interfaces, immobilized using a gel-fixation technique, and observed by scanning electron microscopy. Second, the directed assembly of cylindrical particles in a side-on configuration is studied. Since fluid climbs the end faces of the cylinders, zero-mean curvature menisci form at each end face. When menisci from different particles overlap, attractive capillary interactions are created that drive end-to-end chaining. Experimental observations of this chaining are presented. Third, the orientation and translation of cylindrical objects on curved interfaces are described; forces driving translation and torques driving orientation are established that depend on the local curvature of the fluid interface. Video microscopy experiments and analytic arguments are presented in which cylindrical objects are placed on (macroscopic) menisci formed by capillary rise on a bounding surface. Particles on convex interfaces align perpendicular to the bounding surface, while particles on concave interfaces align parallel to the bounding surface.