C. P. Huang1, Jingguang Chen1, Yuying Shu2, Sergey Rykov1, and Rovshan H. Mahmudov1. (1) University of Delaware, Newark, DE, (2) Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA
Catalytic reduction of perchlorate has challenged chemical and environmental communities for decades. In this work we report the results of gas phase reduction of perchlorate by hydrogen gas in the presence of Pd- and Pt- based mono and bimetallic catalysts supported on activated carbon. Five types of Pd and Pt based bimetallic catalysts supported on activated carbon (AC) were tested: Pd (5% W:W), Pt (5% W:W), Pt/Ni (Pt 5% W:W, Pt:Ni = 1:1), Pt/Co (Pt 5% W:W, Pt:Co = 1:1), and Pt/W (Pt 5% W:W, Pt:W = 1:1). First perchlorate was preadsorbed on the activated carbon impregnated with the appropriate catalysts. The activated carbon was then separated and placed in the oven under 10% H2 + 90% N2. Results showed that bimetallic catalysts supported on activated carbon had better hydrogen adsorption capacity and perchlorate reduction efficiency than monometallic catalysts with Pt/Co being the best. Reaction temperature was crucial for perchlorate reduction. More than 95 % of adsorbed perchlorate was reduced in 5 hrs at temperatures > 50 oC when the Pt/Co catalyst was used. Such fast reduction of perchlorate at moderate temperatures has not been reported in the aqueous phase. Major drawback, as showed in the XPS and EDX analysis, was the dissolution of the second metal in the aqueous phase. Upon submerging in water relative surface concentrations of Co and Ni dropped by factor of 2 whereas Pt was stable. Further research is needed to develop the catalysts combination that will have better stability and efficiency.