Moniraj Ghosh, Christina Alves, Ziqiu Tong, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, and Kathleen J. Stebe. johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Cells and biomarkers interact with a variety of ligands; while much insight has been gained by studying single receptor-ligand interactions general techniques for presenting multiple ligands on patterned surfaces have been lacking. This work describes a method for creating multifunctional glass surfaces presenting discrete patches of different proteins on an inert PEG-functionalized background. Microcontact printing is used to stamp the substrate with octadecyltrichlorosilane to define the active regions of desired sizes. The substrate is then back-filled with PEG-silane to define passive regions. A microfluidics device is subsequently affixed to the substrate to deliver proteins to the active regions, with as many channels as there are proteins to be patterned. The width and the contour of the microfluidics channels determine the number of active patches presenting a particular protein. Three examples of tri-functional surfaces (i.e. protein 1, protein 2, and PEG) are given. The first example shows that we can present two different fluorescently labeled anti-IgG proteins in patches in a PEG-functionalized background. The next two examples demonstrate cellular interactions with these surfaces: the capture of colon cancer cells from a suspension and the selective sorting of leukocytes and colon cancer cells from a mixed suspension. We believe that such surfaces could be useful in biological studies, as patch size is well established to influence cell viability, growth and differentiation. In the final example we use a bifunctional surface to study the adhesion of cancer cells at critical shear stresses to micropatches decorated with selectin ligands.Potential applications include biosensors based on the interaction of cells or of marker proteins with protein patches, fundamental studies of cell adhesion as a function of patch size and shear stress, and studies of cell differentiation as a function of surface cues.