Monday, June 16, 2008 - 10:00 AM
Room 3 (McKimmon Conference Center)
15

On the Depletion Effect in Colloids: A New Correlation Effect in Brownian Motion

Peter Kotelenez, Marshall J. Leitman, and J. Adin Mann Jr.. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

Our object is to formulate and analyze a physically plausible and mathematically sound model to better understand the phenomenon of clustering in colloids. Here, the term depletion force refers to a force which is associated with clustering due to depletion of small molecules in the region between large particles. Our model is stochastic leading to a correlation effect but derived from a deterministic formulation in a Newtonian setting. A mathematical transition from the deterministic dynamics of several large particles and infinitely many small particles to a kinetic description of the stochastic motion of the large particles is available in the published work of Kotelenez and is key to our result. Assume that the velocity distribution of the small particles is governed by a probability density, which is reasonable, then the mean-field force on the large particles can be represented as the negative gradient of a scaled version of that density. The stochastic motion of the large particles can then be described by a system of correlated Brownian motions. The scaling in the transition preserves a small parameter, the correlation length. From the limiting kinetic, stochastic equations we compute the probability flux rates for the separation between two large particles. We show that, for short times, two particles sufficiently close together tend to be attracted to each other. This agrees with the depletion phenomena observed in colloids. To quantify this effect, we extend the notion of Van Kampen's one-dimensional probability flux rate in an appropriate way to account for higher dimensional effects.