Spinosad biopesticide from Dow AgroSciences controls many insect pests on vegetables, but is not particularly effective against certain key pests of tree fruits. To solve this problem, Dow AgroSciences used an “artificial neural network” to identify analogous molecules that might be more effective against fruit-tree pests. They then developed a green chemical synthesis for the new insecticide, called spinetoram. Spinetoram retains the favorable environmental benefits of spinosad while replacing organophosphate pesticides for tree fruits, tree nuts, small fruits, and vegetables.