Either as the direct consequences of the application process or as the result of accidental spills during chemical transportation or application, contamination of natural water and soil inevitably occurs, usually due to the large amount of chemicals used in agricultural activities. A Fenton reaction-based electrochemical method, anodic Fenton treatment (AFT), has been successfully developed for destruction and detoxification of pesticides or herbicides in aqueous environments. In this study, the AFT was used to degrade a widely-used pesticide, carbaryl, in an artificial soil slurry. The effect of initial slurry pH, organic carbon content (OC%) of the artificial soil, initial carbaryl concentration in the slurry, Fenton reagent (ferrous ion and hydrogen peroxide) delivery ratio, and soil/water ratio (w/v) were investigated. A kinetic model was developed to describe the treatment process, and the experimental data fit the kinetic model quite well. The results indicate that OC% is the key factor that affects pesticide degradation, slowing it down due to the pH buffer and adsorption capacity of the soil humic substances. The AFT method, however, does appear to be a promising technology to remediate pesticide contaminated soil.