Tuesday, July 1, 2008 - 11:30 AM
Diamond I (Sheraton Burlington Hotel and Conference Center)
338

Mechanistic Studies of the Lability of Palladium Enolate Ligands

Maureen A. Fagan, Katherine Kornecki, and Paninya Masrangsan. Smith College, Northampton, MA

Palladium enolate complexes such as (PPh3)2PdX(CH2COPh) (1) are potential intermediates for coupling reactions in which a new bond is formed between an enolate alpha carbon and an sp or sp2 carbon via transmetallation.  However, at the elevated temperatures often required for these coupling reactions, (PPh3)2PdX(CH2COPh) [X = Cl, Br] loses the acetophenone enolate ligand and releases CH3COPh, (PPh3)2PdX2, and three other Pd species, one of which has alkene H's typical of an O-bound enolate.  The observed first order rate constant for enolate loss from (PPh3)2PdBr(CH2COPh) is 8.6 x 10-5 s-1 at 65° C in tetrachloroethane-d2; the analogous rate constant for enolate loss from (PPh3)2PdCl(CH2COPh) is 4.3 x 10-5 s-1.  A first order process that is dependent upon the halide ligand could involve rate limiting enolate dissociation from Pd; a second possibility is a rapid equilibrium that forms (PPh3)2Pd(CH2COPh)2 (2) followed by rate-limiting intramolecular C-H activation to protonate one of the enolate ligands of 2 and release CH3COPh.  To probe for C-H activation, (PPh3)2PdBr(CH2COPh-d5) was heated at 65° C in tetrachloroethane and produced CH3COPh with 30% D at the alpha carbon, indicating that enolate phenyl Csp2-H activation is responsible for a significant fraction of the observed acetophenone.