Ronald J. Wysocki Jr., Chris J. Perling, Jessica Maas, Jamie N. Ross, Susan Trombley, F. Saneeha Marikkar, Walter J. Doherty III, Neal R. Armstrong, and S. Scott Saavedra. Univerisity of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) produces the conductive polymer PEDOT, an organic electronic material that possesses inherent stability, low oxidation potential, high conductivity and excellent electrochromic properties. Attachment of a functional group onto the dioxinyl ring moiety can serve as a reactive site to introduce a variety of substituents onto the polymer backbone. These substituents may influence the optical and electrochemical properties of PEDOT. This report details the synthesis of O-substituted derivatives of the well characterized hydroxymethyl derivative of EDOT, EDTM (2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b]-1,4-dioxin-2-yl methanol), principally of the compound EDTM-6-hexanoic acid; and an improved synthesis of the parent compound EDTM. Improvements of the synthesis of EDTM include employing the Zaugg procedure to produce sodium ethoxide for the Hinsberg thiophene synthesis; and separation of the desired EDTM diester product thienodioxine ring isomer from the by-product thienodioxepine diester ring isomer formed during the fused ring formation reaction. Reaction of diethyl 3,4-dihydroxythiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate with epibromohydrin in ethanolic aqueous potassium carbonate affords the two products, the major desired EDTM diester and the by-product dioxepine diester, in a 5:2 ratio.
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