Paper Withdrawn

Tuesday, 17 October 2006
Salon D-E (Doubletree Hotel at Reid Park)
322

DNA Double Resonance Pyramid versus Spin-Echo Double Resonance NMR Study of Antifreeze Proteins in Ice-Growth Inhibition

Karara Muhoro, Davis Middle School, Inglewood, CA

The mechanism that triggers DNA replication has eluded scientific research and endeavors throughout time. Most research on DNA has focused primarily on the cell cycles, Mitosis and Meiosis, which take place in the body or sex cells, respectively. Mitosis takes place in the body and results in daughter cells that are exact copies of the parent. Meiosis takes place in the sex cells and results in reduction of the number of chromosomes by a factor of two. Chromosomes contain the genetic material known as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Mitosis and meiosis contain similar initiation phase known as Interphase, in which the DNA is replicated. Both cells cycles take place in eukaryotic, rather than prokaryotic organisms. In order to determine why the DNA replicates, and the triggering mechanism, it is plausible to explore the processes that take place within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, before interphase. Consequently, the presence of the propagation step has to be intricately woven into the mechanism within interphase, because transmission of genetic information only takes place during this step. Discovering why the DNA replicate is quite a challenging task, that it requires advanced technology and a great deal of ingenuity. However, research involving antifreeze proteins, and employing the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has somehow provided the key to that missing piece of the puzzle. The research entitled, “spin-echo double resonance (SEDOR) NMR study of antifreeze proteins in ice growth inhibition”, was employed to link technology and ingenuous work on this DNA project. This project introduces the Double Resonance Pyramids as the propagation for DNA replication and “mapping” instruments for the genetic code.

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