Phelps Dodge Mining Company has begun to design and replace some of its' traditional neutralization technology water treatment facilities with non-traditional facilities that can reduce potential liabilities and capture assets from the process streams. As an example, Phelps Dodge Mining Company and BioteQ Environmental Technologies Inc. have, through their joint venture company Copreco LLC, constructed and are operating a plant for the recovery of copper from low grade leach solutions at the Copper Queen Mine in Bisbee, Arizona. The plant uses anaerobic biotechnology for on-site production of H2S from elemental sulfur. At Bisbee, the biogenic sulfide reagent produced is used to precipitate copper into a high-grade copper sulfide concentrate from which metal values can be extracted. Details of the Bisbee copper recovery operation are presented, together with a discussion of other source control and migration control technologies that Phelps Dodge and its' techno-partners are developing or deploying.